We live in a time of great achievements in chemistry. Old Metal -- Iron is replaced by other metals or used in combination with many rare metals. Complex compounds of silicon in porcelain, glass, concrete and slag are replacing old steel structures. The chemistry of carbon -- organic chemistry -- has been so successful that large-scale mechanical production has replaced bluegrass farms and rubber plantations. Factories use the products of dry distillation coal to produce synthetic rubber and dyes. These dyes not only greatly expand the variety of dye colors, but also completely replace the natural dyes.