MP and BI analyses resulted in highly congruent trees (Figure S2). The phylogeny we inferred for Hamamelidaceae is the most taxo nomically complete to date, and includes all genera recognized at present. Hamamelidaceae and each of its four subfamilies are all strongly supported as monophyletic. Exbucklandioideae is the earliest diverging lineage (BS = 100%, PP = 1.00), followed by Mytilarioideae (BS = 100%, PP = 1.00). Within the family, relation ships among the subfamilies are consistent with the results of Li (2008), but are usually resolved with greater support for clades found therein. Within Hamamelidoideae, each of Fothergilleae, Hamamelideae, Dicorypheae and Eustigmateae is strongly sup ported as monophyletic, while Loropetaleae is paraphyletic, with Embolanthera recovered as sister to Corylopsideae (BS = 54%, PP = 1.00). The majority of intergeneric relationships in the family are well resolved.