Several techniques have been used t

Several techniques have been used to modify and treat the implant surface, and studies about wound healing of diabetes patients have been conducted. With tissue engineering technology development, stem cell-based therapy has received increasing attention in tissue repair and regeneration. However, stem cell implantation faces significant challenges, including tumor formation, thrombosis, and unwanted immune responses. Indeed, soft tissue regeneration without using externally seeded stem cells, termed cell-free regeneration, is a promising approach to solving these cell-derived problems.