where Vo and Viare the output and i

where Vo and Viare the output and input voltages, respectively. The measured insertion loss to be 29.6 dB and 45.8 dB, for MLC and SLC, respectively. The IL was reduced by 16.2 dB, due to the improved impedance match between 5L-MLC transducer and the source. Here we compared our transducer with the other MLC array transducers reported in the literature, as summarized in Table 3. Table 3 clearly shows that the co-fired temperature for our 5L-MLC transducer is much lower than the others (reduced from 1240 oC to 950 oC), enabling use of the inexpensive electrode, from Pt to 90Ag/10Pd. Moreover, the array developed in this work has a broader bandwidth than the linear array transducer with a center frequency of 2.25 MHz as reported in the literature [7]. In contrast with the other multilayer array transducers, the present multilayer array has the widest bandwidth, 33% higher than the 2.25 MHz and 2.0 MHz array transducer in Ref. 26, and 163% higher than the 1 MHz array transducer in Ref. 8.