To dissect the molecular mechanisms

To dissect the molecular mechanisms underlying Treg cell reduction, isolated CD4+CD25+CD127- Treg cells (Figure S1A, Supplemental Table 1) were subjected to RNA sequencing. Treg cells from individuals with autoimmune diseases (designated hereafter as autoTregs) demonstrated extensive transcriptomic alterations compared to Treg cells from healthy individuals (Figure S1B). Interestingly, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), demonstrated a metabolic reprogramming of autoTregs in all groups of autoimmune diseases, highlighted by the presence of oxidative stress, DNA damage response (DDR), mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death related pathways (Figures 1B and S1C)