Biomolecular peptides that can indu

Biomolecular peptides that can induce controlled interactions at the biomaterial interface while having a high affinity to the implant material provide a novel method to immobilize exosomes onto the Ti surfaces[34,35]. Recently, Ti-binding peptides that electrostatically interacts with the amphoteric surface of Ti was isolate by peptide phage display methodology[36-38]. In particular, minTBP-1(RKLPDA), is a typical Ti-binding peptide that could specifically binds to Ti surfaces as follows: electrostatic interactions between –O− and –OH2+ groups from oxide films and R and D have been proposed to underlie the interaction between Ti surfaces and minTBP-1. Consequently, to functionalize Ti surfaces with exosomes, minTBP-1 and CP05 could be linked to construct chimeric peptide which maintain functions of both binding to Ti surface and capture exosomes.