Further in order to reconfirm the f

Further in order to reconfirm the formation of ceramic matrix in the composite and distribution of polymers in the matrix, micro-computed tomographic (micro-CT) analysis was performed. Figures 6(a) and 6(b) depict 2D maps of NW/PVDF annealed composite, while Fig. 6(c) shows the 3D model constructed by compiling 2D maps. The scan was performed for the larger frame (in mm scale), and hence it can give more comprehensive tomographic details about the sample than SEM which operates on a very small region. As it can be clearly observed in the 2D projections that the PVDF polymeric chains (in green color) are evenly distributed throughout the composite while a clear formation of ceramic matrix of NaNbO3 is validated. This suggests that the ratio of polymer and ceramics used to synthesize the composite is well within the range of percolation limit for polymer fillers. Afterwards, these 2D images were compiled to generate 3D projection which also depicts quite uniform distribution of the PVDF polymeric chains in the NaNbO3 ceramic matrix. Therefore, it reconfirms our results of the formation of ceramic matrix due to grain growth of NaNbO3 via the cold sintering process which is responsible for such a high density. However, there is also the possibility of polymer segregation in the voids as a result of high temperature annealing, which could further add to the reason for obtaining fairly dense composites for these compositions.