A third embodiment of the present invention is a method to determine the role of oxidative stress/injury in general arid specifically the role of IsoK / NeuroK adduct formation by using pharmacologic interventions that include effective amounts of at least one of antioxidants, Tempol, and lipoic acid.29 One embodiment of the present invention is a method of treating and/or preventing oxidative damage that comprises administering an effective IsoK/NeuroK adduct formation^ suppressing amount of a phenolic amine compound and/or a pyridoxamine compound.30 Another embodiment of the present invention is a method of preventing myocardial damage that comprises administering a damage preventing effective amount of phenolic amine compound or a pyridoxamine analog.