统计是搜集数据和认识事物规律的重要手段，而统计错误的产生，必然会干扰我

统计是搜集数据和认识事物规律的重要手段，而统计错误的产生，必然会干扰我们的认识工作。如何降低错误产生的概率并合理规避这些常见的统计错误是提高统计工作的必要性。所学的统计知识，经常认为统计错误的产生往往是由P值和统计显着性检验引起的。但本文的作者却不这样认为，并提出了新的观点。的错误通常发生在研究人员计算P值之前，即统计错误的产生与P值和统计显着性的关系很小。作者针对统计错误的来源归因于不恰当的设计的研究设计，不明确的研究问题，严重的数据处理，缺乏统计思维和数字素养，认为这些对科学的威胁甚至超过滥用P值数值。

统计是搜集数据和认识事物规律的重要手段,而统计错误的产生,必然会干扰我们的认识工作。如何降低错误产生的概率并合理规避这些常见的统计错误是提高统计工作的必要前提。[]，[P]但这篇论文的作者却不这样认为,并提出了新的观点。[P][]____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Statistics is an important means to collect data and understand the laws of things, and the production of statistical errors will inevitably interfere with our understanding. How to reduce the probability of errors and avoid these common statistical errors is the necessary prerequisite to improve the statistical work. According to the statistical knowledge we have learned, we often think that statistical errors are often caused by P value and statistical significance test. But the author of this paper does not think so, and puts forward a new point of view. The author believes that the most threatening errors to the effectiveness of research usually occur before researchers calculate the p value, that is, the statistical errors have little relationship with the p value and statistical significance. The author believes that the sources of statistical errors are due to improper design of research design, unclear research problems, poor data processing, lack of statistical thinking and digital literacy, and that these threats to science are even greater than the abuse of P value.<br>